Bedfordshire case studiesBedfordshire’s Economy as a Business Classroom
Examiners reward students who apply theory to real businesses. The county has clear examples across visitor attractions, local government and aviation, and we use them in lessons.
Pricing & demandWhipsnade Zoo
ZSL’s undated ticket page lists adult tickets bought online before 10am, including a 10% voluntary donation, at £30.50 on off-peak weekdays, £32.00 on standard days, £33.75 on standard weekends and £34.75 at peak, with child tickets at £21.35, £22.40, £23.65 and £24.35. After 10am, online or at the gate, adult tickets are £32.50, £34.00, £35.75 and £36.75. Under-3s and ZSL members enter free. A peak adult ticket bought early online is about 14% above the off-peak price, and a standard adult ticket costs £2.00, about 6%, more after 10am than before, by our arithmetic. The page shows no family ticket, annual pass price or calendar of tiers.
Why might a zoo charge different prices by day and by hour, and what would you need to know to judge whether it works? Practise this in AO2 Application.
Interpreting numbersCouncil tax across the unitaries
Bedford Borough Council’s 2026/27 Band D is £2,011.28, up 4.99% from £1,915.69 through a 2.99% general rise and 2% for adult social care. With police at £297.59, fire at £122.72 and an average parish charge of £40.15, the total is £2,471.74, up 5.14%. Central Bedfordshire’s Band D is £1,931.54, up 5.0%, and its news of 6 March 2026 cites a £17m funding shortfall, £27m of efficiencies, more than 150 fewer staff and higher adult social care and children’s costs of £9.6m. The two councils’ Band D differs by £79.74, about 4.1% by our arithmetic. Luton’s page says a 2.99% rise plus 2% for adult social care, with £10.95m of savings, but gives no Band D and is undated.
Why might two neighbouring councils with similar percentage rises charge £79.74 apart, and what would you need to know before comparing them? Step by step in AO3 Analysis.
Strategy & stakeholdersLondon Luton Airport expansion
City AM reported on 3 April 2025 that Transport Secretary Heidi Alexander approved the Development Consent Order to raise capacity from 18 million to 32 million passengers a year, with a new terminal, taxiways and stands by the mid-2040s. It said the airport handled 132,000 flights last year, with 77,000 more expected, and that about 4,200 jobs would follow, although the Planning Inspectorate had advised refusal over the Chilterns Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. An undated Building Design article quotes Luton Rising’s chair as saying up to 11,000 jobs, so the job figures conflict. Central Bedfordshire Council’s undated page confirms the decision and names the host authorities as itself, Hertfordshire County Council, North Hertfordshire District Council and Luton Borough Council. CPRE Hertfordshire, a campaign group, said on 9 August 2026 that the Supreme Court declined permission for a final appeal; we haven’t read the reasoning.
Should the government approve an airport expansion when its inspectors advise refusal, and who gains or loses? A real judgement for AO4 Evaluation.
Sources: ZSL, Whipsnade Zoo ticket page; Bedford Borough Council and Central Bedfordshire Council, council tax pages and news of 6 March 2026; Luton Borough Council, budget page; City AM, 3 April 2025; Building Design; Central Bedfordshire Council, Luton Airport page; CPRE Hertfordshire, 9 August 2026; Wikipedia, Bedfordshire; provider pages. The 14%, 6% and £79.74 figures are our arithmetic, the zoo page is undated, the airport job figures conflict, and the appeal report comes from a campaign group.